Bias-fabric machine



Hl Il BMS FABRIC MCHNE.

PPLICTN FILED FEI. 21| 1918.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920 l0 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Hanf/m0 n MORE/ A APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2l, I9I8.

H. l. MORRIS.

BIAS FABRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, IsIs.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

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//S ATTORNEY H. l. MORRlS.

BIAS FABRIC MACHINE.

APPLlcAloN FILED rfa. 2l, 191s.

1,359,092. Patentd Nov. 16, 1920.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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DIAS FABRIC MACHINE.

APPucATlou mso 'fEa.v2|. 191e.

1,359,092. Patend Nov. 16, 1920.

VYI0 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

/f/.S ATTORNEY H. I. MORRIS.

BIAS FABRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2l. I9I8.

1,359,092, Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

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BIAS FABRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION msn rfa. 2|. |918.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

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BIAS FABRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATIDN H'LED FEB. 21. |918.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

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H. I. MORRIS.

mAs FABRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2I, I9I3. 1,359,092. Patented Nov. 16,1920.

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BIAS FABRIC MMHINEV APPLICATION FILED FEB.21,1918.

Patentedl Novg 16, 1920.

N UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HOWARD I. MORRIS, F LOS A "N'GrELES,A CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO MORRIS TIRE MACHINERY COMPANY, OF LOS AN'- GELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION 0E CALIFORNIA.

BIAS-FABRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NOVIG, 1920.

Application led February 2 1, 1918. Serial No. 218,485.

. To all whom it may concer/n.

Be it known that I, HOWARD I. MORRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles, State of California,'have invented a new and useful Bias-Fabric Machine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention'relates to the art of weaving fabric and has for its general object the provision of automatic mechanism fori produced.

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction and interrelation of the mesh-forming mechanism proper which shall be compact, accessible and positive in v action requiring a minimum of attention; I

also to provide suitable mechanism for compacting the mesh of the fabric after the same has been formed by the vweaving mechanism proper to provide suitable tension or holdingmechanism for holding the fabric as Vit is being formed and toA provide suitable feeding mechanism for feeding the fabric along after the meshes thereof have been compacted.

Another object of the invention is to provide simple and efficient mechanism by which bias fabric may be produced with suitable selvage edges or sides.

Further objects of the invention will hereinafter appear in connection with the detailed description of an embodiment thereof.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a construction of preferred form of machine embodying my invention, and in these drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, portions being broken away to more clearly illustrate the construction and interrelation of parts, this elevation being taken at right angles to the axis of the main cam shaft.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on a line at right angles to the cam shaft and looking in a direction parallel to the axis of the cam shaft; the position of the parts being that assumed when the frames have been oscillated approximately one-half their movements.

Fig. 3 is a partialvertical section showing more particularly the shuttle tubes or carriers, hooks, comb and feeding mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of a section of the upper frame showing the shuttle tubes or carriers and the reverse mechanism.

Fig 5 is a partial vertical section'of the reverse mechanism.

lFig. 6 is a diagram of the successive operations of the shuttle tubes or carriers when producing tubular bias fabric. l

Fig. 7 is a diagram of the successive operations of the shuttle tubes when producing flat bias fabric and illustrating the reversal of tubes at the selvage and theY manner in which the tubes surround the selvage cord.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are diagrammatic views illustrating the manner in which the fabric is formed and the mesh of the fabric driven up by the comb.

Fig. 11 illustrates the insertion of longitudinal cords in the fabric.

Fig. 12 illustrates a single cord fabric.

Fig. 13 illustrates a two-cord fabric.

Fig. 14 illustrates a four-cord fabric.

Fig. 15 is a side view of the mechanismv for winding up the completed fabric.

Fig. 16 is an end view thereof.

Fig. 17 is a detail illustrating a means for holding the winding-up roll in place.

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic View of the cam lay-out.

Fig. 19 is a side view of the cam for operating the hook of the reverse mechanism, the connecting parts operated by this cam being shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 20 is a top plan view.

Fig. 21 is a partial plan view of the reverse mechanism illustrating the construction and arrangement when the machine is adapted and adjusted to weave four-cord fabric.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view on the line 0022-- x22 of Fig. 3. i

Fig. 23 is a sectional view on the line w23-L m23 of Fig. 3.`

Fig. 241 is a section on the line 0024-5024 of 2 and shows the cam shafts and cam mechanism.

Fig. 25 is a sectional view through thel cani shafts and cams. i

Fig. 26 is a sectional view on the line m28- cvz of Fig.` 3.

In the -embodiment of the invention illustrated in these drawings, the machine is shown as composed of an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2 so constructed and suppoited from the main frame 3 of the machine thatthe frames 1 and 2 respectively7 may be oscillated about tubular stationary shafts 1 and 5.

The lower frame 2 is shown lcomposed of three separate parts 6, 7 and 8. ,These parts are so arranged that they may not only be oscillated about the tubular shaft 5 but the parts 6 and 7 -may be vertically reciprocated, the frame 6 vbeing slidably mounted on the central hub portion 8' of the part 8 and the part 7 being slidably mounted on the vertical cylindrical extension 9 of the frame 6. This vertical reciprocating motionis imparted to the parts or frames 6 'and 7 by means of the cam 10, levers 11 and 12, connecting rods 13, wing levers 14, and

connecting rods 15 and 16. The wing levers 14: are fulcrumed on the hub of the frame 8, (Fig. 2). The connecting rods 16 are connected to the levers 14 to a point midwa between the fulcrum and the point at whic the connecting rods 15 are connected to the levers l1li.l It will thus be seen that as the wing levers 111 are raised by the connecting rods 13 by means of the r`levers 11 and 12v and cam 10 the connecting rods 15 will raise the frame6 substantially twice as rapidly and also twice the distance that the connectin rods 16 'raise the frame 7.

ach frame 1 and 2 carries a series of inner and a series of outer hooks. 17. The respective series are arranged in concentric circles about such frame solas to form radial pairs. The frame 1 is provided with'a series of slots 22, in which the outer series of hooks 17 are pivotally mounted, and with alseries of ribs 22 v'forming slots in"J which the `inner series of hooks 17 are pivotally moiinted. The respective outer upper flanges or rims of the parts 6 and 7 of the frame 2 are provided with a seriesof slots as indicatedat 6and 7 in Fig. 3 and the respective hooks 17 pivotallymounted therein. These hooks 17 are adapted'to engage projecting pins on the shuttle tubes or cord carriers 18.

....The hooks 17 on the upper frame 1 are mechanically operated by an 'oscillating ring 19 through connecting rods 20. The hooks 17 of the lower frame 2 are mounted on the parts 6 and 7 respectively and are under the constant tension of springs 21 which serve to normally hold the said hooks in hookedup position.

When the lower frame parts 6 and 7 reach their upper positions, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, if the hooks 17 carried thereby'have brought up a shuttle tube such tube is discharged therefrom and taken up by the corresponding pair of hooks 17 of the frame 1, the positive actuation of the latter releasing the former. \If, however, such shuttle tube were carried by the upper hooks 17 and the latter were actuated to release the same, the tension of the springs 21 auto- .tially around the frames 1 and 8. Verticali these plates are curved to correspond wit the arc-'of a circle concentric with the top edge of the tube or shaft 5 andare each provided witha series of vertical slots (shown most clearly in Fig. 1 wherein portionsare 'broken away to show.the,plate 26 slottedt vertically). As shown in. Figs. 3, 4f and 5 the "enlarged outer portions Aof the shuttle tubes are provided with grooves or channels 18 into which the wallsof' such slots in the plates 25 and 26- are adapted to rest forining guides or 'tracks so that as the outer ends of the shuttle tubes 18 are moved upwardly and downwardly by the frame part 6 they are guided or caused to travel in the arc of such circle. The adjoining edges of the plates 25 and 26 are arranged in sufficient close proximity to insure the passage of the shuttle tubes 18 from the slot in one plate to the registering slot or track in the other.I The inner ends or tips of the shuttle tubes 18 are vthus maintained at a uniform distance from the edge of the tube 5.

The vertical movement of the frame 6 being substantially twice that of the frame 7, the shuttle tubes 18 as they are moved up and down are maintained in their radial position with respect to the hollow shaft or tube 5 with the inner ends thereof at practically a constant distance therefrom, t-he movement of such tubes being bodily upward or downward with the outer portions thereof movin more rapidly andthrough greater arcs o a circle ythan the inner ends or inner portions thereof, and it is in the space intervening between the inner ends or tips of the shuttle tubes 18 and the edges of the tubev that the fabric is formed.

The shuttle tubes 18 carry on their outer ends one'or more spools 23 containing the cord, thread'or yarn of which the fabric is to be formed. This cord or yarn passes from the spool or spools directly through the tube and is-discharged from the tip end thereof. A constant tension is maintained on the cord by means of drag springs 24: (see dotted lines Fig. 3) which 'press directly upon the cord wound on the spool exerting resistance to the unwindng of the oord.

The frames 1 and 2 always oscillate in opposite directions. This oscillation is produced through the action of thecani 2T, lever 28, connecting rod 29` lever 30. shaft 31, levers 32 and 38 and connecting rods 34. 34. The upper rod 31 connects with an arm 34 carried oir the upper frame 1 and the lower connecting rod 34 connects with an arm 34 (Fi 2) on the part 8 of the lower frame 2. T e levers 32 and 33 are set in opposed. order on the shaft 31, thereby causing the oscillation of the frames 1 and 2 to be in directions opposite to each other. As the cam 27 produces a reciprocating movement of the lever 28 it will be seen that such reciprocation will cause each of the frames 1 and 2 to be oscillated back and forth and that when the frame 1 is oscillated to the right the lower frame 2 is oscillated to the left and vice versa.

The amount of oscillation of the frames 1 and 2 is ViXed in accordance With -the adjustment of the connecting rod 29 on the boss 28 of the lever 28 and of the other end of such rod 29 on the lever 30. In the position sho'wn in FigfQ the amount of such oscillation is equal tothree slots or tracks. In the operation of the machine for a single cord fabric the rod 29 would have its inner end connected inthe first position indicated by the opening near the fulcruin of the lever 28. This connection between the rod 29 and the lever 28 may be made by providing studs on the boss 28 and formingA an opening in the end of the arm 29 or the end of the arm 29 may carry a stud or pin and the boss 28 be provided with a series of openings corresponding to the different positions. Similarly the connection between the rod 29 and lever 30 is by stud or pin, on the lever 30, adapted to receive Athe eye formed in the end of the rod 29. In Fig. 24 the lever. 30 is provided with two such studs or pins, one at or near its endf-the other at its center.

The rod may be mounted on either o f these.

Assuming that the connecting rod 29 is in this first position the amount of oscillation of the frames 1 and 2, respectively, 'will each be equal to one slot or track in the plates 25 and 26. Inasmuch as the'frame 1 oscillates one slot or trackto the right while the frame 2 is oscillating one slot or track to the left, it is obvious that each oscillation makes a difference of two slots in the registration of the slots of the respective plates; that the movement of the plates upon such oscillation with respect to each other is equal to two slots or tracks and that at the end of such oscillation a given slot or track in plate 25 has been brought into registration with the. slot or track in plate 26 which,

,fpriorto suc-h oscillation, was two sp'ices or slots to the side of such given slot.. The return oscillation brings the slots into the original registration.

The shuttle tubes or carriersai'e operated in two series. lVlicn a single cord fabric is to be produced these series are alternately arranged so that the two respective series would be inade up of the respective o'dd and even numbered tubes or carriers. Vhcn tubular fabric is produced one of these series is progressively moved around the machine in one given direction while the other series is progressively moved around in the opposite direction. The. series are alternately raised and lowered with each oscillation, thereby braiding or interweaving the cords as the tubes are passed about each other. This operation may be explained in detail as follows :-.\ssuine the shuttle tubes of the series which is moving to the right to be in the upper frame, (the series of shuttle tubes' movingI to the left at this time will be carried by the lower frame). lVlien the upper frame has been oscillated to the right this right hand moving series is then transferred to the lower frame which on the next or return oscillation of the lower frame moves to the right. The left hand moving` series has simultaneously been transferred to the upper frame. which,l upon such succeeding or return oscillation` moves to the left. It is thus seen that by this step by step motion the respective series are progressively advanced in their given direction alternatingy between the upper and lower frames as the oscillation thereof corresponds to the direction of suc-h series.

The arrangement of the tubes or carriers 18 in this operation is such that every alter-l nate slot of the plate 25 and also every alternate slot of the lowerplate 26 is vacant during the oscillating movement so that when the oscillation has been stopped at either end of the movement the empty slots of theV plate 25 register with the occupied slots of the plate 26 and vice versa.

It is obvious that where tubular fabric is to be produced there must be an even number of slots in the plate 25 and the: same even number in the plate 26 and that the slots occupied by the series of tubes traveling in one direction are at no time occupied by an of the series of tubes traveling in the ot er direction. It is also obvious that the total-number of slots in either plate 25 or plate 26 corresponds'to the total number of tubes or carriersin the machine.'`

The outer series of hooks 17 of the upper frame ave extensions 58 to whichthe connectingrods 20 are attached. In turnthese outer hooks 17 are respectively connected in pairs with the inner hooks 17 of the upper frame by rods 59 so that the respective hooks 17 of the upper frame are mechanically operated in pairs. The outer series of hooks 17 of the upper frame is operatively divided into two separate and distinct series so that the even numbered hooks are actuated to release the tubes or carriers therewhile the alternate or odd numbered hooksl of the outer series of the upper frame are mechanically actuated to displace the hooks 17 of the lower frame and engage the pins ofthe tubes or carriers 18 in the slots of the ring, and vice versa. The ring 19 is provided with two projecting flanges, one above the other; each of which is provided with a series of holes to receive the hooked ends of the connecting rods 20 (see particularly Fig. 3). The connecting rods 20 of one series of hooks 17 of the upper frame are connected to the upper ring 19 and the connecting rods 20 of the other set of such hooks are connected to the lower ring 19. These connecting rods are so arranged that when the ring 19 has been oscillated to its limit in one direction, one set of connecting rods 2O will stand in radial position with respect to the ring 19' and the hooks of that set will be actuated to unhook from the shuttle tubes while the other set of connecting rods 20 will stand at an angle and the hooks of -that set will be thereby actuated to hook up .on the shuttle tubes. Upon the oscillation of the ring 19 to its opposite position this action is reversed.

Assuming that the lower frame 2 has been raised to its upper position all of the shuttle tubes will be in their upper positions. It is while the tubes are all in this position that one series of the hooks 17 on the frame liare actuated so as to hook onto one set or series of shuttle tubes and the other series of hooks 17 actuated to be released from the second series, permitting the hooks 17 of the lower frame 2 to automatically engage said second series.

The ring 19 is oscilla-ted by means of the cam 48 (Figs. 1 and 24), levers 49 and 50, connecting rod 51, bell crank 52, connecting rod 53, levers 54 and 54, connecting rods 55 (Figs. 1 and and bell cranks 56 which carry teeth between which a tooth 57 on the ring 19 engages. A shaft 542 extends through a central hub of the lever 54, which is keyed thereon, over to they lever 54 also keyed upon said shaft. i

The movement in one direction of the shuttle tubes supported bythe upper frame and in the opposite direction of the shuttle tubes supported by the lower frame carries these tubes past one another, thereby causing the cords or yarn to be crossed. These crosses are then driven or pushed down to a tight or compact formation adjacent to the edge of the tube 5 by the action of a' comb 60. rl`his comb is made up of a series of radially disposed thin blades so arranged that a downward movement thereof will insert the tips of the blades irrimediately behind the points of crossing of the `ver 65 and connecting rods 66.

Figs. 8, 9 land 10 illustrate diagrammaticallyv the action of the interweaving or braiding of the cords causing the formation of the crosses, and the action of the comb G0. In Fig. 8 the Shuttle tubes 18 are represented as all in their upper position, to wit, in the plate 25 of the upper frame. At this time the completed section of fabric repesented at 67 is within the tube 5 immediately below the upper edge f thereof and the cords extend radially with respect to the vertical axis of the machine from the edgeof the tube 5 to the shuttle tubes 18.

In Fig. 9 the frames 1 and 2 having been oscillated and all the tubes or carriers 18 again brought to the upper position, the cords are crossed in front of the tips of the carriersand the tips of the blades of the comb 60 illustrated as just entering behind the crosses.

In Fig. 10 the comb has completed its downward movement and the crosses have been forced over the edge of the tube 5 closing up the mesh of the fabric. The action of the comb blades alone would not force the crossed portions beyond the edge of the tube 5.. This is accomplished by the combined action of the comb and the feeding element.

As the respective series of shuttle tubes are carried alternately `in the upper and lower positions and oscillated past each other it is obvious that a given cord alternately passes over or on top of the cord it crosses and then underneath the/next succeeding cord crossed by it.A At each operation the crossed portions are driven down by the comb compacting the mesh, the formation of which is the same as square woven fabric except that the cords extend at substantially an angle of 45 to the longitudinal dimensions of the fabric.

Vithin the tube. 5 mechanism is provided for feeding the fabric downward and mechanism for holding the fabric from moving up or down, (see Fig. 3). The feeding mechanismy is composed of a segmental expanding ring 68, (thev outer surface of which is provided with teeth to engage the fabric and insure a positive movement thereof with the plate during thefeeding operation), and arms or levers 69 fulcrumed on a ring 69 fixed on the lower end of the tubular shaft 70 so that the ring 68 moves with such shaft 70. 'lhe said holding mechanism is composed of an expanding segmental ring T1, corresponding to the ring'tts'. and levers T2 fulcrumed on inwardly projecting lugs on the casting or part T3. This casting or stationary part T3 is attached to the stationary vertical shaft T4. which is in tur-n supported bybracket T5 on the main frame 3.

The levers 69 and T2 are. operated by the ring cams T6 and TT. respectively, which engage the flattened portions of the free ends of the levers and cause these free ends of the levers to move outward. thereby pulling inward the ends of the levers attached to the respective rings (38 and T1l contracting such rings to dis-engage the fabric. These ring cams T6 and TT are mounted on the tubular shaft or sleeve T8 and are so spaced apart that the respective levers 69 and TZ are not actuated simultaneously but are operated alternately as the sleeve T8 is reciprocated. The tubular shaft or sleeve TO is provided with a plurality of vertical slots. Through these slots lugs on the ring 'T6 extend to and are attached to the sleeve T8 (see Fig. :26). The sleeve TS is reciprocated by means of the cam T9. rFigs. Q and 2li). levers 80 'and S1. connecting rod 82. levers 83 and 84, (Figs. 1 and 24). connecting rod S5. lever S6 and collar 8T. attached to the sleeve T8.

ll`he rings 68 and T1 are automatically expanded by compression springs T2 which press inwardly on the flattened ends of levers 69 and 'TQ and cause the ends attached to rings to press outward on the rings causing them to engage the fabric.

rthe sleeve 70 is actuated by means of the adjustable screw .88 (Figs. 1 and 24) on the lever 65 coming into Contact with the end portion of the lever S9 pushing it down to the. predetermined distance in accordance` with the adjustment of the screw 88. The lever 89 pushes down on the collar 99 (Fig. 2) attached to the sleeve T0, thereby causing the downward movement of the sleeve T0 and feeding element composed of the ring 68 and levers 69. T he return movement of the lever 89 upward is caused by the spring 91 attached to the lever 89 and to a lug on the bracket casting T 5 of the main frame 3.

The adjusting screw 88 on the lever 65 is so set that it just makes Contact with the -end of the lever 89 when the comb 60 has driven the crosses in the cords up to or near the edge of the tube 5 and into the required compactness. Upon" the continued downward movement of the comb the sleeve 70 and feeding element (composed of ring-68 and levers 69) are carried downward causing the fabric in the tube 5 to be moved 'down permitting the newly formed meshes to pass over the edge of and into the tube Just prior to the downward movement of this feeding element the cam T9 will have caused the ring cam 77 to move down pushing the ends of the levers T2 outward an( contracting the ring. T1, thereoy releasing it from the fabric and 1)ei1i.'.f'ing the ring 68 (which is expanded) to-carry the fabric down. After the fabric has been thus moved downward the cam T9 pulling the sleeve T8 upward causes the ring cam TT to pass out from the ends of the levers T2 and the ring cam To to move under the ends and push outward on the levers 69. This ex-4 pands the ring T1 which holds the fabric from further movement in either direction and contracts the ring 68 releasing the same fromy the fabric. At this time the comb starts upon its upward movement and simultaneously the upward movement of the screw S8 permits the spring 91,to pull upward on the lever 89, thereby raising the feed element to its upper position. Following this upward movement of the feed element. the cam T9 again pushes down on the two ring cams T6 and TT causing the segmental .ring 68 to expand and engage the fabric and the segmental ring T1 to contract and release the fabric. rllhe feed mechanism is then ready for another operation.

The fabric after passing down through the tube 5 passes under a bar 92 (F ig. 2) which tiattens it 'out preparatory to winding in a roll. T he fabric then passes to .a roller 93. (Figs. 15 and 16). suspended on two oscillating arms 9-1 which are under constant tension of springs 95. From this roller 93 the fabric passes over and is woundupon the roll 96 which takes upy the fabric at a constant speed. As the fabric is fed down the tube 5 intermittently the arms .94 and roller 93 oscillate back and forth maintaining a constant tension on the fabric. rl`he `Winding roller 96 is supported and driven by two short shafts mounted in the bearings 9T. y The driving gear 99 is driven by the worm 100 on the cam shaft 101. The gear 99 drives the shaft 98 by the usual well known frictional means common in textile machinery and 102 represents the means for adjusting the pressure on the leather friction disks thereof.

Fig. 17 shows a form of slipping chuck 103 such as is common in textile machinery Wind-up mechanism.

ln the drawings l have illustrated cach of the shuttle tubes 1S as carrying two spools. It is obvious that. if desired, each tube 18 may handle two cords or threads and they fabric be formed with double threads.

Using Fig. 6 as a diagram of the movements of the shuttle tubes 18, assume that at A the circles a. b. c. f7 e, f represent the two full sets of shuttle tubes 1S all in the upper position in plate 9.5 and forming a complete circle around the machine. a. c and e are one set or series and are oscillated to the left and b, (l andi are the other'set oscillated to the right, as indicated by the arrowsthrough them. B indicates the position of the tubes just after the lower frame has carried b, d, 'f to lower position. After this operation the oscillation of the upper and lower lframes takes place in the direction of the horizontal dot-ted arrows and each oscillates the distance of one space or track, thus carrying series a, c, e to the left to the position formerly occupied b v j", Z), d, respectlvely, which were carried to the right. Upon all of the tubes returning to the upper position they will then assume the respective positions shown at C, viz f, c, I), e, d, a. I) indicates the next oscillation and in this case c, e, a are carried to the lower position and as indicated by the arrows the oscillation is in the reverse direction of the preceding oscillation, thus carrying f, b, d to the right and c, e, .i to the left one space. E indicates the arrangement of the tubes after again returning to-the upper position (all in the plate 25), such order then being c, f, e, b, a d.

7It will be noted that through all of the operations a, c, e have been advancing to the left while b, (Z, f have been moving to the right and the relative position of each tube in each set has not been changed; In other words, each set of tubes has moved in its respective direction alternately over and under without changing the relative position of its respective tubes to one another.

The foregoing description is of the preferred form of machine embodying my invention as applicable to the producing of tubular bias fabric. In such case the plates 25, 26 and hooks 17 extend entirely around the machine and one series of shuttle tubes 18 continuously advances around in one direction and the other series of shuttle tubes around in the other direction. In the drawl ings, however, I have also illustrated my invention asembodied in such form of machine as to produce flat bias fabric with selvage edges. When utilized for this purpose it is necessary that the direction of movement or advancement of the respective series of tubes about the machine be reversed when the tubes of the respective series reach the point corresponding to the edge of the fabric. This reversing mechanism is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings. (Reference may also be had to Fig. 21, in which however the segmental frame 35 is shown in two parts and adapted for the reversal of a plu.- ralit)1 of the shuttle tubes at a single operation when a plurality of tubes of each set or series are actuated in pairs or in multiple to weave fabric having double or plural parallel threads instead of the mesh being formed of single cords or threads.)

To accommodate this reversing mechanism a segmental aperture is made in the upper frame 1 and in this aperture is mounted a segmental cireumferentially movable shuttlc-tube supporting frame 35, very similar in cross section to the frame 1.` 35, 35 represent two curved bars, the ends of which are mounted on portions of the frame 1 adjacent the aperture and fixed in position by suitablescrews. The frame 35 is provided with bosses 35a (Fig. 5) in which segmental channels are formed adapted to receive the bars 35 upon 'which the frame 35moves. Top plates 35b are secured lon the'top ofthe bosses 35a and extend the width of the frame 35. 'It is thus seen that although the frame 35 moves with the frame 1 in its oscillation, such frame 35 may also be oscillated on the bals or tracks 35 the width of the aperture in the frame 1.

In connection with this segmental reversing plate on frame and for mutual cooperation therewith certain other changes, modifications or additions have been made.

Assuming for the. purpose of this description, that we are at the side of the machine and facing the reverse mechanism on the machine: The oscillation (to the right or to the left), of either the frame 1 or of the frame Q is only equal to the distance from one slot or track in the plate 25 or 26 to another. Assuming that the upper frame has been oscillated to the left, (Fig. the pair of hooks of the lower frame, which will then register with the pair of hooks in the slots of the upper frame adjacent to the right hand edge of the aperture in the upper Aframe have been replaced by hooks 39, as have also the pair of hooks next adjacent thereto at the left. Again assuming that the uripper frame has been oscillated to the right` the pair of hooks of the lower frame which then register with the pair of hooks in the slots of the upper frame adj arent. the

Dleft hand edge of said aperture have been replaced by hooks 39, as have also the pair of hooks next adjacent thereto at the right. In connection with each of the slots 46 and 47 of the plate 35 is provided a pair of hooks 36. Each pair is preferably connected by a rod and with a spring adapted to normally hold the hooks in operative position.

The frame 35 is mounted and positioned so that thi shuttle-tube hooks 36, mounted upon it, wii register with the hooks 39 of the lower frame part 6. This segmental lframe 35 is oscillated in the frame 1, its

amount of movement corresponding to the oscillation of the frame 1. This oscillation of this frame .35 is entirely independent of its oscillation with the frame 1 and is iinparted to it by a lever 37 connected to the hook-operating ring 19 so that at each movement of the ring 19 the segmental frame 35 is moved from one side to the other of the aperture in the frame 1. The frame 35 carries a segmental guide or track plate 38, substantially corresponding to the guide or I track plate 25 on the upper frame l, and

provided with a slot near each side so spaced that each o'l the slots will register with a slot 'in the lower guide or track plate E26 when the sion tending to automatically hold .them in` hooked-up position. The opposingl hooks 39 carried by the lower frame parts 6 and 7, respectively. are mechanically operated by the cam -ltl (Figs. l and 19). levers 4l and 42, rocker arm -li and connecting rods 44, 45, (Figs. 1 and 5). As shown in Fig. 5 the rod l-l is composed of two parts slidably connected to each other, as shown at 44. Each ot' these parts has an eye or loop' at its end through which the-other part operates. A sleeve is preferably mounted upon one of these and lbetween the two eyes. This sleeve serves to insure guiding the movement of the parts with respect to each other and prevent bending, lVhen the lower frame moves downward the parts of this rod '-14 are moved .relative to each other to prevent bending ot' the rod. Another purpose of this Construction to provide t'or the operation of the hooks 2li) ot the lower frame when in position directly beneath the mechanically operated hooks 1T ofthe upper frame l and the lower frame is raised to bring these hooks 39 and these hooks 1T into operation for the transference of the shuttle-tubes from one set of said hooks to the other. In such operation the hooks 39 act as spring-actuatid hooks only and are operated by such mechanically operated hooks 1T of the upper frame. s shown in Fig. 5 a spring 39 is provided to automatically7 normally hold the hooks 3E) in hooked-up position.

Atssuming that the upper trame has oscillated to the right and the lower frame to they left and that all ot' the shuttle tubes are in the upper position. and assuming we are facing the machine and reverse mechanism. the trame 35 will be standing to the right side of the aperture in the main Jframe. lvpon the succeeding do\\'nward movement ot' the lower frame the hooks 39 will engage the tube n (Fig. if) carrying it to the lower position. (tube ln being one of the set or series otl tubes moving to the right. The entire set or series are carried to the lower position by this same downward movement oi' the trame The lower frame then oscillates to the right carrying the tube An,

to the right. the upper frame simultaneously oscillating to the left` carrying with it the frame 35 and its reversing slot 46. This brings the tube n directly underslot 46 of frame 35. The lower frame then raises putting the tube n in slot 46 of the frame 35. The action of the cam 40 then causes the hooks 39 to be disengaged and the hooks 36 on segment to engage the tube n. The movement of the hook-operating ring 19 to the left actuates the arm 3T into contact with the projection 8T on the plate 35" oscillating the plate 35 to the left side ot the aperture in the main frame; This action carries the tube n to a position directly over a slot in the lower guide plate 26, which is the position of a tube of the or series moving to the;let't. j Thenext operation of the cam l() then takes place.rv causing the hooks 2&9 to engage the tube n aml" 'lisei'igage the hooks 36. The lower trame then carries the tube n downward and then oscillates to the left. The tube yn has now become one ot' the set or series of tubes moving to the left. It is thus seen that the tube n is 'arried from the upper frame to the lower frame and then the next oscillation of thelower frame to they right carries this tube n into position for the next movement ot' the lower frame upward to deliver it into the slot 46 ot the reversing plate 35. The lower frame then moves upward and the tube n is taken from the pair ot' hooks 3f) ot' the lower trame by the pair of hooks 36 ot' the reversing plate 35. The plate 35 then moves laterally to the left in the upper frame during the time the upper and lower t'rames are at rest. The hooks 39 are then actuated to release the tube n from the hooks 36. and to engage and carrythe tube n on the lower frame. The lower frame thenv moves down carrying the tube n down with it. The tube yn. has now become one of the series of tubes moving to the left. \Vhen the frame 35 moved to the left in the aperture ot' the main trame iul thus reversing the tube in this movement brought the frame 35 in position to receive the tube o into the slot 47. The oscillation ot' the lower frame to the left (just referred to and which carried the tube 1i to the lett) carried the tube o to a position directly under the slot 47. rThe tube o was one 'of the series of tubes moving to the leftI and was taken out oi the last slot in the upper frame (the slot adjacent to the edge of the aperture at our. right as we look toward the machine and into the reverse mechanism) by the downward movement ot' the lower trame just prior to the oscillation to the lett just referred to. The next upward movement of the lower frame brings the tube o into slot 47 of the segmental trarne 35 and, after the hooks 39 have been disengaged by the action ot the cam 40, etc.. and the hooks 36 have engaged such tube` the trame 35 is actuated to the right carrying tube o to position di rectly over a slot in the lower guide plate 26 which is the position tor the next tube of the set moving to the right. It is thus seen that as a tube of a given set reaches the slot adjacent the aperture in the main frame it is taken up by the segmental frame 35 and moved to a position to become a member of the set or serlies moving in the other direction.

all

Referring to Fig. 7 the action of this reverse mechanism may be diagrammatically illustrated. F indicates the shuttle tubes all in the upper position with g, z., i, j, m as the relativepositions of the tubes. g, c', m are the set moving to the right and z, j, Z, are the set moving to the left. shows the position after y, 2'., and m have moved to the lower position and Iiust prior to the oscillation which will carry g, Ic, m to the right and l1. to the left. After this oscillation takes place and m has reached the end of travel or progression to the right and the tubes have reached the upper position, the reverse mechanism gives the tube m a reverse oscillation of one space, putting it in the position of a tube of the set or series moving to the left vand the tube m thereafter becomes one of that set and travels in that direction until again reversed when it reaches the endl of travel or progression to the left. H illustrates the position of the tubes after they have reached the upper position and after the reversal of tube m. ri`he illustration of diagram l is substantially the same as that of G except the oscillation is reversed and the reverse mechanism on the left is operating with tube it as indicated by the arrows and it becomes one of the set of tubes moving to the right.l il illustrates the relative positions of the tubes in upper position after I operation. K is substantially the same' as (if except that tube is being reversed to become one of the set traveling to the left. L shows the relative positions of the tubes in the upper position after K operation. it will be noted4 that reversal takes place alternately at one end and another according to the direction of oscillation.

. The foregoing description of such reverse mechanism applies to the machine when used to form single cord flat bias fabric'or when each shuttle tube 18 is provided with two spools and handlestwo cords or threads, thus making the mesh with two parallel sets of threadsi `When the machine is to be operated to produce fabric having a multiple of parallel cords orv threads forming the mesh as indicated in Figs. 13 and 14. instead of alternate shuttle tubes 18 (in upper position) belong-y ing to the respective series moving to the right or left, such alternation is of sets or groups, viz., if twov cord fabric is to be produced the set or group. is of two tubes 18 and if three or four cord fabric is to be produced, such alternation is of sets or groups of three or vfour tubes 18, respectively. Taking a four cord fabric as an illustration and assuming all the tubes 18 are in upper position the first four would be of the series moving to the right, the next four of the sei-ies moving to the left, and so on through the number of tubes. Each vertical oscillation of the lower frame would handle these tubes in groups or sets of four. Otherwise the operation corres )onds to the actuation of single tubes. The amount of oscillation of the frames 1 and 2 respectively must be adjusted so as to correspond to the distance between the number of tubes so handled as a group or set. `With a group of four the amount of oscillation would equal four slots in the plate 26. This adjustment is secured by changing the position of the connecting rod Q9 on the lever 28 and on the lever 30. In Fig. Q4: this adjustment is shown forhandling the tubes 18 in groups or sets of three. lf the groups were of two tubes each the connecting rod 29 would be connected at thevcenter of the lever 28. If the multiple group is of four tubes 18 each the connection rod 29 would be connected with the plate 28 at the center thereof and its connection with the arm 30 would be at the center thereof.

ln Fig. 21 ll have illustrated the reverse mechanism as applicable to use when the sets or series of tube carriers are in alternated multiples .of four. `With such a construction instead of every alternate tube carrier belonging to a given series, four successive tube carriers would belong to one set oftube vcarriers oscillating in one direction, the next four to the set oscillating in the other direction, and so on alternately through the entire number of tube carriers. lifith'this arrangement it would be of course necessary to reverse four tube carriers at a time. 'Tnstead therefore of the segmental frame being provided with one slot 46 at its left side and one slot i7 at its right, it would be provided with a set of. four slots 16 and t? respectively at its sides, as indicated in` Fig. 21. The segment cut from the frame 1 would be proportionately larger. ln Fig. 21 the frame 35 is shown as made in two pieces. llt is obvious that it may be in either one or two pieces as preferred.y for when in two pieces the two parts act as one plate` being fixed together by the top plates 35". lWhen using the. tubes in groups or multiples of four it will also be necessary to change eight ot the pairs of suitably positioned hooks 17 of the lower frame instead of two as heretofore described in connection with the reverse mechanism as applied to re` versing a single tool. The frame 35 will be provided with a pair of hooks 36 for each slot 4G. 47. Otherwise the mode of operation and action of the reversing mechanism are substantially the same.

In Fig. 11 have shown a section of flat bias fabric and illustrated the" manner in which longitudinal cords 11() may be inserted in the selvage or in any part of the mesh of the fabric. This is accomplished by meansof spool holding and thread guiding bracket and su )port shown at M in Fig. 3. This bracket B comprises a spool 103. supporting arms 104. tension spring 105, guide tube 106. clamp 10T, by which this mecha nism is fixed on the supporting ring 109 of the frame. 10S represents a drag spring which bears on the body of cord on the `spool 103 frictionally resisting the unwinding thereof. T he supporting ring 109 extends entirely around the machine and the desired number of brackets M may be positioned at any point as desired. By this means acord 110 may be fed radially toward the edge of the tube 5 and inasmuch as the holding and feeding device of this cord 110 does not oscillate or move with either the upper or lower frame 1 or 2 of the machine the shuttle tubes 18 form the fabric around-this cord as they are carried over and under this cord by means of the oscillations of the frames 1 and 2. 1t is obvious therefore that this cord 110 at no time moves out of radial position with respect to the tube 5 except as it is slightly pushed up vertically by the lower frame 2 when the latter is in its upper position, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3. From this position, however. it is immediately pulled down by the tension of the spring 105 when the lower frame 2 reciprocates downwardly. The cord 110 is unwound from vspool 103 as the feed of fabric takes place. The drag spring 108 prevents the spool from spinning or unwinding any more cord than iust suiiicient to correspond with the feed of the fabric.

The tension spring 105 maintains a uniform tension on the cord and takes up any slack in the same. AThe guide tube 106 locates the exact position of the cord 110 as it enters between the edges of the guide plates 25 and 26 and is fed into the fabric at the edge of the tube 5. Referring again to Fig. 7, it will be understood that as the reverse mechanism reverses each shuttle tube and places it in the position of the set of tubes traveling in the opposite direction, such tube is carried entirely around the longitudinal cord 110 placed in the selvage. It is obvious that the fabric may be formed with or without the insertion of the longitudinal' cords. The object of placing such longitudinal cords in the fabric is in order to prevent longitudinal stretching of the fabric when, for instance, the fabric is to vbe used in the manufacture of the carcass of pneumatic tires during the calendering process of the fabric. After the rubber has been calendered into the fabric in such process the longitudinal cords may be trimmed out, permitting lthe fabric to stretch as required to conform to the shape of the tire core.

A motor 111 is provided with a shaft 112 on which is mounted al pinion 113 which drives the gear 114. The shaft 115 of gear 114 is provided With a pinion 116 which meshes with a Agear 117 mounted on the shaft 101. Cams 27. 40 and 48 are mounted on the shaft 118 and rotate therewith. The shaft 115 is also provided with a pinion 119 which meshes with a gear 120, said gear 120 being keyed to a hollow shaft 121. The cams G1, 10 and 79 are mounted on said hollow shaft 121 and rotate with it. the location of the said cams on their shafts being fully shown in Fig. 25 and the curvature of their tracks and their relative arrangement illustrated in Figs. 18 and 19. Y

It is obvious that various modifications may be made in the construction of machine illustrated in the drawings and described and .that Avarious mechanical equivalents may be substituted for the' various elements, parts and mechanisms within the purview of my invention.

, I claim:

1. A bias fabric machine comprising two frames, means for simultaneously oscillatmg said frames in opposite directions. means for moving one of said frames toward the other between each oscillation, a series of thread-carriers mounted on each frame, and means for changing the respective series of carriers from one frame to the other frame upon the movement of one of said frames toward the other.

2. A bias fabric machine, comprising two frames, means for Simultaneously oscillating said frames in opposite' directions, means for moving one of said frames toward the other between each oscillation, a series of thread-carriers mounted on each -frame, means for changing the respective series of carriers from one frame to the other frame upon the movement of one of said frames toward the other, and reversing Amechanism for transferring carriers of one series to the other series when such carriers have reached predetermined positions.

3. A bias fabric machine comprising two frames, means for simultaneously oscillating said frames in opposite directions` means for moving one of said frames toward the other between each oscillation, a series of thread-carriers mounted on each frame, means for transferring the respective series of carriers from one lframe to 'the other upon the movement of one of said frames toward the other, and means for `compacting the fabric thread after it has been formed.

4. A bias fabric machine c` frames, means for simultaneously oscillating said frames in opposite directions, means .for moving one of said frames toward the other between each oscillation. a series of thread carriers mounted on each frame, means for transferring the respective series of carriers from one frame to the other upon` omprising two the movement of one of said frames toward the other, tension means for holding the fabric as formed, and means for compacting the fabric mesh after it has been formed.

5. A bias fabric machine comprising tivo frames, means for simultaneously oscillating said frames in opposite directions, means for moving one of said frames toward the other between each oscillation, a series of thread carriers mounted on each frame, means for transferring the respective series of carriers from one frame to the other upon the movement of one of said frames toward the other, reversing mechanism for transferring carriers of one series to the other series when such carriers reach predetermined positions, tension means for holding the fabric as formed, and means for compacting the fabric mesh after it has been formed.

G. A bias fabric machine having a plurality of series of thread carriers, threadcarrier operating mechanism for moving said respective series progressively in opposite directions simultaneously and through eachv other, said progressive movements alternating with said movements through each other, and reversing mechanism for transferring carriers of one of said series to the other series when such carriers have reached predetermined positions. i

'7. A bias fabric machine having thread carriers, thread-carrier supporting and operating mechanism for separating said carriers into two series and for moving said respective series progressively in opposite directions simultaneously and through each other, said progressive movements alternating with said movements through each other, and reversing mechanism for transferring carriers of one of said series to the other series when such carriers have reached predetermined positions.

8. A bias fabric machine having a plurality of series of thread carriers, threadcarrier supporting and operating mechanism for moving said respective series progressively in l\pposite directions simultaneously and through each other, said progressive movements alternating With-said movements through each other, reversing mechanism for transferring carriers of one series to the other when such carriers have reached predetermii 'l positions, means for holding under 4tension the intera-'oven threads, and means for compacting the meshes.

9.1n a bias fabric machine, a threadcarrier supporting frame having an oscillating movement about a central axis and a reciprocating movement longitudinally of said axis.

10. A bias fabric machine having a plurality of series of thread carriers, threadcarrier supporting and operating mechanism for moving said respective series progressively iii opposite directions simultaneously and through each other, said progressive movement alternating with said movements through each other, reversing mechanism for transferring carriers of one series to the other when such carriers have reached predetermined positions, means for holding under tension the interwoven threads, means for compacting the meshes, and means for taking up or feeding along the compacted fabric.

11. In a bias fabric machine, a tubular fabric guide, means for compacting the meshes adjacent the end of said guide, and means for feeding into and retaining Within said guide the completed fabric.

12. A bias fabric machine having frames, oscillating with respect to each other, two series of thread-carriers alternately carried by said respective frames and transferred from one frame to the other after each oscillation, and reversing mechanism forv transferring carriers of one seriesv to the other When such carriers have reached predetermined positions.

13. In a bias fabric machine, a vtubular fabric guide and feeding mechanism Within said guide.

14. A bias fabric machine having frames oscillating with respect to each other, devices on said frames for engaging and carrying thread carriers, a series-of thread carriers for each of said respective frames, means for transferring said respective series ofthread carriers from one frame tothe other frame after each oscillation, and reversing mechanism' for transferring carriers of one series to the other when such carriers have reached predetermined positions.

15. A bias fabric weaving machine having frames, means for oscillating said frames with respect to each other, mechanism for moving one of said frames toward the other after each oscillation, devices on said frames for engaging and carrying thread-carriers, and a series of thread-carriers for each of Said respective frames, said thread-carriers carrying devices actuated to transfer said respective series of thread-carriers from one frame to the other'after each oscillation.

16. A bias fabric Weaving machine having frames, means for oscillating saidfraines With respect to each other, mechanism for moving one of said frames toward the other after each oscillation, devices on said frames for engaging and carrying thread-carriers, a series of thread-carriers for each of said respective' frames, said thread-carrying devices actuated to transfer said respective series of thread-carriers from one frame to the other after each oscillation., and reversing mechanism for transferring carriers of one series to the other series when such 

